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Dopady pěstování palmy olejné na ekosystémy lesů ve vybraných zemích
Perutka, Jonáš
This bachelor thesis examines current effects of oil palm breeding on forest ecosystems in Southeast Asia, focusing on two representative countries, namely Indonesia and Malaysia. The first part of the thesis describes basic information about oil palm, oil palm breeding and its history. Then defines Southeast Asian macroregion and current state of its forests and biodiversity. Furthermore, describes relationship between the macroregion and oil palm and shows individual effects of the breeding on its local forest ecosystems. The second part analyses individual effects of oil palm breeding in each of the representative countries and names initiatives that are trying to prevent these effects from happening. Further comparison of the results shows which forest ecosystems are affected the most. The last part of the thesis portrays possible proposals and recommendations on how to make oil palm cultivation in the mentioned countries more sustainable and how to protect its forests.
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Analysis of international trade in reptiles between the Czech Republic and Indonesia
RÁŠKOVÁ, Dominika
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild. Bachelor thesis deals with an analysis of international trade with reptiles in the period of 1978-2015 between the Czech Republic and Indonesia. The conducted analysis is based mainly on the data from the CITES Trade database and it serves to identify the volume and the purpose of the trade with the reptiles. Indonesia mainly exports species from the wild to the Czech Republic and the main purposes are commercial. The most imported family is Varanidae.
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Framing of Indonesian Radicalisation Pathways in the Australian news media: A Comparison of Broadsheets and Tabloids
Jung, Hansol ; Conway, Maura (advisor) ; Prina, Federica (referee) ; Špelda, Petr (referee)
This study examines how radicalisation in Indonesia is treated in the Australian press. Radicalisation is widely defined as a dramatic shift in the belief system of an individual or a group, denial of democratic means, and justifying the use of violence to achieve the political aims in this paper. Although there are various types and drivers of radicalisation, the researcher limited this research to identifying the framing of six pathways of Islamic radicalisation in Indonesia identified by Hwang and Schulze and Idris. For this purpose, 301 articles from selected Australian broadsheets and tabloids, dating up to 8 May 2020, were collected. Using quantitative and qualitative content analysis to generate the frequency of terms and metaphors used to describe radicalisation pathways in Indonesia, the study finds that the securitising and stigmatising frames are mainly employed in the Australian press in portrayal of radicalisation in Indonesia. In addition, the study explores the different style of coverage employed in Australian broadsheets and tabloids. Before conducting the comparative study, the researcher surmised that broadsheets will cover radicalisation in Indonesia with neutral tone while tabloids will sensationalise the issue. However, the outcome revealed that the framing employed by...
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Challenges for alternative journalism in Indonesia: A case study of Project Multatuli
Tivany, Arzia Halida ; Miessler, Jan (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
From 1967 until 1998, Indonesia was under the New Order repressive regime where the media was heavily controlled by the state. After the reform, the tight control over media ended and media liberalization started, inciting media concentration, conglomeration, and commercialization. In this climate, alternative media in Indonesia has emerged to challenge the dominant narrative presented by mainstream media. Project Multatuli emerged in 2021 as the first membership-focused media in Indonesia, carrying the mission of the social movement, by introducing a new type of ethical and sustainable business model within the Indonesian market. The aim of this study is to investigate the challenges and strategies employed by Project Multatuli as well as to identify the main distinction compared to mainstream media outlets. Relying on 9 qualitative interviews and a focus group discussion consisting of 3 participants, Project Multatuli is found to fit the criteria of radical alternative media as well as public service media. Results show that challenges are structural, mostly due to the unprepared press infrastructure in the country and challenging market demography. Meanwhile, their strategies to overcome the challenges are what makes Project Multatuli different from mainstream media outlets. These include their...
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The Implications of the Collapse of the Caliphate for Southeast Asia
Clancy, Jean-Patrick Christian James ; Aslan, Emil (advisor) ; Ludvík, Zdeněk (referee)
Following the announcement of the establishment of a Caliphate in 2014, individuals and groups from all corners of the world pledged their allegiance to the Islamic State. Of particular interest to this study are violent terrorist groups based in Southeast Asia. The thesis focuses on this region as, despite obvious geographical constraints, local bay'ah pledges have allowed ISIS to suddenly emerge in the region with a large and well organised force allowing for an increase in terrorist activities and ultimately the capture of Marawi, the largest city to fall under the ISIS banner outside of Syria and Iraq. But a question remains too often unanswered - why do terrorist groups ally? While the dynamic is rare and paradoxical due to groups' illicit and clandestine nature, strategic alliances between terrorist groups are far from being a new phenomenon. While a handful of scholars dared to explore this complex field, it remains under-theorised to this day. This thesis uses an available list of studies and analyses on terrorist alliances and complements it with theories related to alliances between states in order to understand the rationale behind Southeast Asian Islamists alliance with ISIS. While there lacks a consensus as to why groups ally, the study finds it to be a multi-dimensional and mutually...
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History of Indonesian Spice Trade
Hrnčířová, Zuzana ; Pokorný, Ondřej (advisor) ; Petrů, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of this work is to summarize all the important points in the history of Indonesian spice trade led by Europeans. In the introduction is geographical definition, as well as a general description of the various kinds of spices exported from Indonesia. Following a major part devoted to the history of the trade with this commodity, from early Portuguese business contacts to the Dutch Golden Age spice trade. Then the focuse are the Dutch, who consequently held a leadership role in trading. The conclusion of the work summarizes the reasons of the decline in demand for spices in the 19th century and thus concludes the period of prosperity and profit from the sale of this trading article.
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Geopolitical impact of China's search for energy on the Indian Ocean and South China Sea
Rodd, William ; Hrishabh, Sandilya (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
This thesis examines the geopolitical consequences of China's search for energy resources on the Indian Ocean and South China Sea. It provides a brief outline of the energy situation of the world as a whole, specifically how it is becoming a more globalized and singular market. This change is occurring at the same time as a pronounced shift away from the traditional measurements of 'power' towards 'softer' more subtle definitions. There is a brief section outlining the geopolitical teachings of Alfred T. Mahan, specifically how he advocated seapower primarily for the purpose of providing the stability and security necessary for trade. Chinese analysts have been embracing the teachings of Mahan, but also interpreting them in a way that justifies the naval buildup Beijing has been embarking on in recent years. The paper briefly looks at the potential sources that China could turn to meet its energy needs, but concludes that it will have to rely on oil for the foreseeable future. It then attempts to define overall Chinese interests, specifically how nearly all of these relate somehow to energy security, thus underlining the importance of this topic to leaders in Beijing. The last half of the work delves into a geopolitical analysis of the Indian Ocean and South China Sea, and how militarization in the...
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Promotion and protection of foreign investment in Indonesia
Jašová, Ivana ; Dobiáš, Petr (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
Promotion and protection of foreign investment in Indonesia In last few decades Indonesia became an important player on a field of international investment. Since the early Soeharto years Indonesia has enjoyed impressive economic growth and became an attraction for the foreign investors. Foreign investors are mainly attracted by the natural resources, law-cost labor market and large Indonesia's domestic market. The goal of my thesis is to analyze the security of the foreign investment in Indonesia and in case of the dispute the protection of foreign investment. The introductory chapter deals briefly with the basic information about Indonesia and its history which influenced Indonesian law system during the past century. First chapter analyze the main issues which can be for foreign investors discouraging such as the legal uncertainty, corruption and untransparency of the law. The second chapter compares the interpretation of the 'investment' term from the viewpoint of the economic science reading and the legal view. Furthermore, it analyzes the term in case law of ICSID, in Indonesia law system and in the bilateral investment treaty between Indonesia and Czech Republic. The third chapter analyzes the multilateral and bilateral investment treaties by which Indonesia is bound and the Indonesian...
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The issue of abortions in Indonesia
Horčičková, Jana ; Pokorný, Ondřej (advisor) ; Petrů, Tomáš (referee)
Jana Horčičková, Problematika potratů v Indonésii Abstract: This thesis identifies and defines the basic framework of termination of pregnancy with a focus on attitude towards abortion in the Indonesian society. In the introduction is mentioned general background of this issue from the perspective of Indonesian multi-religious society, which has historically evolved from the animist cults through thecolonial regime toa democratic organization of the state.Further, there are other topics on the current status of abortion in Indonesia, a description of the valid legislative framework and public attitudes to issues related to induced abortion. The aim is to provide acomprehensive overview of the current aspects of pregnancy termination and indicate possible trends of development with an emphasis on the modernization of society as well as the impact of new medical technologies, including prevention possibilities.
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Emissions of isoprene by oil palm and their impacts on climate and composition of the atmosphere
Palouš, Daniel ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Ponert, Jan (referee)
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) serve many physiological and ecophysiological functions in plants, e.g. abiotic or biotic stress protection or signalling. Emission capacity and spectrum of emitted BVOC vary between plant species. Isoprene, having the highest global annual emission among all BVOC, has considerable influence on atmospheric chemistry and its processes. Isoprene contributes to secondary organic aerosol formation. Under specific conditions reaction of isoprene and NOx may lead to ground-level ozone formation. Isoprene also affects oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a rapidly expanding crop and it is a strong isoprene emitter. Most of the global cultivation of oil palm is located in a relatively small region in southeast Asia posing a risk to regional air quality. To prevent ground-level ozone formation, keeping ground-level NOx concentrations low in the regions of oil palm cultivation is crucial. Models of global isoprene emission vary greatly and not all of them take oil palm cultivation in account. The present thesis aims to cover current knowledge on physiological functions of isoprene's synthesis and emission with regard to oil palm cultivation and ecological implications of mentioned processes. The thesis includes also brief...
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